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What is ASCUS and How is it Treated?

ASCUS (Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance) is the most common abnormal finding in smear tests and usually indicates a low-risk condition.

What is ASCUS?

ASCUS (Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance) is the most common abnormal finding in cervical smear tests. It means 'atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.' Cells are not entirely normal but do not show a definite lesion either.

The vast majority (80-90%) of ASCUS results are benign and can be caused by HPV infection, inflammation, hormonal changes, or mechanical irritation. However, a small portion may have an underlying precancerous lesion.

What to Do with an ASCUS Result?

Two approaches can be followed when an ASCUS result is received:

1. HPV Test (Reflex HPV):

  • If HPV negative: Routine screening in 3 years

  • If HPV positive: Colposcopy

    2. Repeat Smear Test:

  • Repeat smear after 6-12 months

  • If normal: Return to routine screening

  • If abnormal: Colposcopy

    Assoc. Prof. Erkan Elçi individually evaluates each patient to determine the most appropriate follow-up plan.

    • Frequently Asked Questions

    Is an ASCUS result dangerous?+
    ASCUS is generally a low-risk finding. No serious problems are found in the vast majority of cases. However, follow-up with HPV testing or check-up examination is important.
    Should everyone with ASCUS have colposcopy?+
    No, HPV testing is done first. Colposcopy is recommended if HPV positive. If HPV negative, follow-up with routine screening is sufficient.

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